For the residents of the ideological prison known as Berlin, Hauptstadt der DDR, 1989 began as bleakly as every new year had done for decades.
A blanket of bitter cold chased the people from the streets, while the Soviet-controlled state stole the hope from their hearts.
For the traveller, East Berlin was the closest you could ever get to Narnia: a frozen, monochrome land of shadows. And one of the most thrilling places I have ever been.
Just reaching the capital of the German Democratic Republic (DDR) was an exercise in weirdness.
I flew on TWA (ask an elderly relative) from Gatwick to Frankfurt, and transferred to Pan Am (ditto, only an even older one) for the flight to West Berlin.
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East German border guards wearing gas mask look over the wall onto Potsdamer Platz in Berlin, Germany, 21 June 1988. After stones were thrown at the police by West Berlin occupiers of the Lenne Triangle, tear gas was used. The enclave belonged to East Berlin, but was part of the territory exchange on 01 July 1988, becoming part of the West Berlin district of Tiergarten
Alamy
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East German President Erich Honecker during the 40th anniversary of the German Democratic Republic
Getty
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Volksammer September 1989:
In an extraordinary plenary session, members of the GDR’s highest representative body honored over 50 million victims of fascist barbarism.
German Federal Archive
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Nachrichtensprecherin von `Aktuelle Kamera`- 1970
Getty
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Egon Krenz, destruction of the Berlin wall, Germany on November 10, 1989
Getty
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Members of the Politburo, including then leader of East Germany Erich Honecker as well as top military personnel and Egon Krenz (who succeeded Honecker as leader of the GDR before reunification / unification) / Anniversary service and wreath laying at the Socialist Memorial Monument. 40th anniversary ceremony of East Germany on October 03, 1989 in Berlin, Germany
Getty
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Kurt Hager in 1989
Getty
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East German citizens climb the Berlin wall at the Brandenburg Gate as they celebrate the opening of the East German border in this November 10, 1989 file photo. The 10th anniversary off the “fall” of the Berlin wall is coming up on November 9, 1999.
Reuters
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A tourist bus drives past a still-standing portion of the Berlin Wall in the city center on October 31, 2019 in Berlin, Germany. November 9 will mark the 30th anniversary of the fall of the Wall that quickly led to the collapse of the communist East German government. Revolutions across other communist countries of the East Bloc soon followed. The Berlin Wall, built by the communist authorities of East Germany, stood from 1961 until 1989 and prevented people fleeing from East to West Berlin. At least 136 people, many of them shot dead by East German border guards, were killed trying to escape.
Getty
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A 200,000 strong demonstration in Leipzig on the 13 November 1989
German Federal Archive
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East German Prime Minister Hans Modrow (C) precedes German chancellor Helmut Kohl (2nd R) as they pass through the crowd after a meeting in Dresden 19 December 1989
Getty
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East German border guards wearing gas mask look over the wall onto Potsdamer Platz in Berlin, Germany, 21 June 1988. After stones were thrown at the police by West Berlin occupiers of the Lenne Triangle, tear gas was used. The enclave belonged to East Berlin, but was part of the territory exchange on 01 July 1988, becoming part of the West Berlin district of Tiergarten
Alamy
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East German President Erich Honecker during the 40th anniversary of the German Democratic Republic
Getty
3/11
Volksammer September 1989:
In an extraordinary plenary session, members of the GDR’s highest representative body honored over 50 million victims of fascist barbarism.
German Federal Archive
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Nachrichtensprecherin von `Aktuelle Kamera`- 1970
Getty
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Egon Krenz, destruction of the Berlin wall, Germany on November 10, 1989
Getty
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Members of the Politburo, including then leader of East Germany Erich Honecker as well as top military personnel and Egon Krenz (who succeeded Honecker as leader of the GDR before reunification / unification) / Anniversary service and wreath laying at the Socialist Memorial Monument. 40th anniversary ceremony of East Germany on October 03, 1989 in Berlin, Germany
Getty
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Kurt Hager in 1989
Getty
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East German citizens climb the Berlin wall at the Brandenburg Gate as they celebrate the opening of the East German border in this November 10, 1989 file photo. The 10th anniversary off the “fall” of the Berlin wall is coming up on November 9, 1999.
Reuters
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A tourist bus drives past a still-standing portion of the Berlin Wall in the city center on October 31, 2019 in Berlin, Germany. November 9 will mark the 30th anniversary of the fall of the Wall that quickly led to the collapse of the communist East German government. Revolutions across other communist countries of the East Bloc soon followed. The Berlin Wall, built by the communist authorities of East Germany, stood from 1961 until 1989 and prevented people fleeing from East to West Berlin. At least 136 people, many of them shot dead by East German border guards, were killed trying to escape.
Getty
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A 200,000 strong demonstration in Leipzig on the 13 November 1989
German Federal Archive
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East German Prime Minister Hans Modrow (C) precedes German chancellor Helmut Kohl (2nd R) as they pass through the crowd after a meeting in Dresden 19 December 1989
Getty
Only American, British and French airlines were allowed to connect West Germany with its isolated fragment of territory deep inside the eastern bloc.
“Are we about to land?” asked my neighbour as the jet began to descend only 15 minutes after take-off from Frankfurt.
Pausing only to roll and light a cigarette (I told you they were weird times), I explained that flights on the air corridors between the west and Berlin were capped at 10,000 feet.
After bumping along at low altitude for another half-hour, the plane landed in what was, from an East German perspective, Las Vegas with bells and Christmas lights on.
To infiltrate East Berlin was a relative breeze: you walked into Friedrichstrasse station carrying DM30 (about £10) and a western passport, and followed the signs for the Grenzübergang.
You paid DM5 for the right to enter West Berlin, and exchanged the rest for East German marks at a rate of 1:1 (the black market rate was four times more beneficial).
With a tiny amount of this softest of currencies, you could buy an S-Bahn ticket to Alexanderplatz, the hub of East Berlin, and pay your respects to the giant representations of Engels and Marx – remembering that the vile DDR wasn’t the actual fault of the authors of The Communist Manifesto.
Or you could go down the pub, preferably after procuring some black market marks. First choice: to the Last Resort, as Zur letzten Instanz translates.
This ancient hostelry, which started serving in 1621, was the closest communism came to convivial.
I made some new comrades. At the end of a cheery evening, one said: “In the morning, you can cross to the west. We never can.”
Approaching Checkpoint Charlie the next morning, my breath melted into the mist that swirled around the frontier in the manner of a spy thriller.
The crossing from communism from capitalism was like trying to sneak through a valve the wrong way. Beneath the glare of floodlights and the even-more-intense glares of frontier officials, you encountered check after check after check.
Passport? Money? What is in the tin? (Tobacco and cigarette papers, of course. Want one?)
No smiles. This deep wound in a great city was the Cold War front line, and one of the most lethal places on earth for those without the right papers.
Before the next winter had taken grip of Berlin, my friendly Berliner’s despondency had been proved gloriously wrong.
Some very brave people rose up against the crumbling facade of communism – assisted by the government in Budapest, which lifted the Iron Curtain just enough to let in some light and let out some East Germans. And by 9 November in that fateful year, the Berlin Wall was breached.
I have since crossed more ideological divides with valve-like qualities: from the breakaway state of Transnistria into Moldova, and from California into Mexico – though I won’t be breezing across the DMZ from South Korea to its northern neighbour just yet.
Courage and humanity can breach barriers. Thirty years on, it is deeply sad – and really quite weird – that some are intent on building more.